Unit+V

= Unit V: Chapters 21-22 =

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=Important Historical U.S. Locations= media type="googlemap" key="http://maps.google.com/maps/ms?hl=en&ie=UTF8&msa=0&msid=207825492834028225184.00049a98cf1aac1686d60&ll=37.09024,-96.943359&spn=9.481758,47.263183&output=embed" width="425" height="350"

=Chapter 21 - Top Ten =
 * 1) __Progressivism__ - the belief that reform should occur in order to make society more balanced in power, more democratic, and more fair
 * 2) __Muckrakers__ - progressive journalists who sought to turn public attention to the injustices of society by exposing scandals and corruption
 * 3) __Settlement House Movement__ - American social workers helped immigrants adjust and create a middle-class lifestyle
 * 4) __Professionalism__ - national organizations were created to separate professionals from amateurs in order to decrease unnecessary competition
 * 5) __Women Suffrage Movement__ - women were able to vote in all elections (national and state) through the 19th Amendment but some women wanted more and supported an Equal Rights Amendment which was never passed
 * 6) __W.E.B. Du Bois__ - advocated immediate equal rights for blacks, helped form the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
 * 7) __Commission Plan__ - mayor and city council was replaced with an elected, nonpartisan commission in an attempt at avoiding corruption in the local government
 * 8) __City-Manager Plan__ - an outside expert was hired to take charge of the government, in theory was supposed to remain isolated from political corruption
 * 9) __Triangle Shirtwaist Fire__ - a large factory fire brought attention to poor working conditions in factories
 * 10) __18th Amendment__ - national law that prohibited the sale and manufacturing of alcohol

=Chapter 22 - Top Ten=
 * 1) __Theodore Roosevelt__ - became president in 1901 as a result of the assassination of President McKinley but was extremely popular, gaining reelection for the next term; was considered a progressive president because of his support of many progressive ideas, which were very similar to his own beliefs
 * 2) __William Howard Taft__ - won the presidential election of 1908 but suffered a disastrous presidency: the Republican Party was deeply divided because Taft was unable to please both the conservatives and progressives parties even though he won the election as a favorite of both, the government was under the Democrats' hands for the first time in 20 years
 * 3) __Woodrow Wilson__ - won presidential election of 1912 as a progressive Democratic candidate; was more forceful than Roosevelt and Taft, using his powers as president to help pass many new progressive laws
 * 4) __Panic of 1907__ - was a result of overproduction and blamed on Roosevelt by conservatives, ended soon after U.S. Steel bought the shares of the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company
 * 5) __Roosevelt Corollary__ - Roosevelt's addition to the Monroe Doctrine which stated that the U.S. would interfere in the domestic affairs of other nations if they couldn't maintain order and national sovereignty themselves
 * 6) __Ballinger-Pinchot Dispute__ - Richard Ballinger (secretary of the interior) was accused of selling valuable coal land for personal profit by Louis Glavis (Interior Department investigator) but was determined innocent by both Taft and a conservative commission assigned by Congress; contributed to progressive discontent towards Taft
 * 7) __New Nationalism__ - 1910 speech by Roosevelt showing his reentering in politics as a result of disappointment in Taft and his desire to reunite the Republicans
 * 8) __New Freedom__ - progressive program proposed by Wilson that differed from Roosevelt's New Nationalism mainly in that Wilson wanted to destroy all trusts and monopolies
 * 9) __Progressive Party__ - political party formed by Roosevelt and supporters after Republicans chose Taft as their presidential candidate
 * 10) __Federal Reserve Act__ - passed in 1913, 12 regional banks were created that issued Federal Reserve notes as a national medium of trade backed by the government, allowed funds to quickly be moved to troubled areas